;;; Guile Knots
;;; Copyright © 2020 Christopher Baines <mail@cbaines.net>
;;;
;;; This file is part of Guile Knots.
;;;
;;; The Guile Knots is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
;;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
;;; published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the
;;; License, or (at your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; The Guile Knots is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
;;; General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with the guix-data-service.  If not, see
;;; <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

(define-module (knots resource-pool)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-1)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-9)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-9 gnu)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-43)
  #:use-module (srfi srfi-71)
  #:use-module (ice-9 q)
  #:use-module (ice-9 match)
  #:use-module (ice-9 exceptions)
  #:use-module (fibers)
  #:use-module (fibers timers)
  #:use-module (fibers channels)
  #:use-module (fibers scheduler)
  #:use-module (fibers operations)
  #:use-module (fibers conditions)
  #:use-module (knots)
  #:use-module (knots parallelism)
  #:export (make-fixed-size-resource-pool
            make-resource-pool

            resource-pool?
            resource-pool-name
            resource-pool-channel
            resource-pool-configuration
            destroy-resource-pool

            &resource-pool-timeout
            resource-pool-timeout-error-pool
            resource-pool-timeout-error?

            &resource-pool-too-many-waiters
            resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error-pool
            resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error-waiters-count
            resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error?

            &resource-pool-destroyed
            resource-pool-destroyed-error-pool
            resource-pool-destroyed-error?

            &resource-pool-destroy-resource
            make-resource-pool-destroy-resource-exception
            resource-pool-destroy-resource-exception?

            resource-pool-default-timeout-handler

            call-with-resource-from-pool
            with-resource-from-pool

            resource-pool-stats))

(define &resource-pool-abort-add-resource
  (make-exception-type '&recource-pool-abort-add-resource
                       &error
                       '()))

(define make-resource-pool-abort-add-resource-error
  (record-constructor &resource-pool-abort-add-resource))

(define resource-pool-abort-add-resource-error?
  (exception-predicate &resource-pool-abort-add-resource))

(define-record-type <resource-pool>
  (make-resource-pool-record name channel destroy-condition configuration)
  resource-pool?
  (name              resource-pool-name)
  (channel           resource-pool-channel
                     set-resource-pool-channel!)
  (destroy-condition resource-pool-destroy-condition)
  (configuration     resource-pool-configuration))

(set-record-type-printer!
 <resource-pool>
 (lambda (resource-pool port)
   (display
    (simple-format #f "#<resource-pool name: \"~A\">"
                   (resource-pool-name resource-pool))
    port)))

(define (safe-deq q)
  (if (null? (car q))
      #f
      (let ((it (caar q))
            (next (cdar q)))
        (if (null? next)
            (set-cdr! q #f))
        (set-car! q next)
        it)))

(define-record-type <resource-details>
  (make-resource-details value checkout-count last-used)
  resource-details?
  (value          resource-details-value)
  (checkout-count resource-details-checkout-count
                  set-resource-details-checkout-count!)
  (last-used      resource-details-last-used
                  set-resource-details-last-used!))

(define-inlinable (increment-resource-checkout-count! resource)
  (set-resource-details-checkout-count!
   resource
   (1+ (resource-details-checkout-count resource))))

(define-inlinable (decrement-resource-checkout-count! resource)
  (set-resource-details-checkout-count!
   resource
   (1+ (resource-details-checkout-count resource))))

(define (spawn-fiber-for-checkout channel
                                  reply-channel
                                  reply-timeout
                                  resource-id
                                  resource)
  (spawn-fiber
   (lambda ()
     (let ((checkout-success?
            (perform-operation
             (choice-operation
              (wrap-operation
               (put-operation reply-channel
                              (list 'success resource-id resource))
               (const #t))
              (wrap-operation (sleep-operation
                               reply-timeout)
                              (const #f))))))
       (unless checkout-success?
         (put-message
          channel
          (list 'return-failed-checkout resource-id)))))))

(define* (make-fixed-size-resource-pool resources-list-or-vector
                                        #:key
                                        (delay-logger (const #f))
                                        (duration-logger (const #f))
                                        scheduler
                                        (name "unnamed")
                                        default-checkout-timeout
                                        default-max-waiters)
  (define channel (make-channel))
  (define destroy-condition
    (make-condition))

  (define pool
    (make-resource-pool-record
     name
     channel
     destroy-condition
     `((delay-logger . ,delay-logger)
       (duration-logger . ,duration-logger)
       (scheduler . ,scheduler)
       (name . ,name)
       (default-checkout-timeout . ,default-checkout-timeout)
       (default-max-waiters . ,default-max-waiters))))

  (define checkout-failure-count 0)

  (define resources
    (vector-map
     (lambda (_ resource)
       (make-resource-details
        resource
        0
        #f))
     (if (vector? resources-list-or-vector)
         resources-list-or-vector
         (list->vector resources-list-or-vector))))

  (define (destroy-loop)
    (define (empty?)
      (vector-every (lambda (r)
                      (eq? r #f))
                    resources))

    (let loop ()
      (match (get-message channel)
        (('checkout reply timeout-time max-waiters)
         (spawn-fiber
          (lambda ()
            (let ((op
                   (put-operation
                    reply
                    (cons 'resource-pool-destroyed
                          #f))))
              (perform-operation
               (if timeout-time
                   (choice-operation
                    op
                    (wrap-operation
                     (sleep-operation
                      (/ (- timeout-time
                            (get-internal-real-time))
                         internal-time-units-per-second))
                     (const #f)))
                   op)))))
         (loop))
        (((and (or 'return
                   'return-failed-checkout)
               return-type)
          resource-id)
         (vector-set! resources
                      resource-id
                      #f)

         (if (empty?)
             (begin
               (set-resource-pool-channel! pool #f)
               (signal-condition! destroy-condition)

               ;; No loop
               *unspecified*)
             (loop)))

        (('stats reply timeout-time)
         (let ((stats
                `((resources              . ,(vector-length resources))
                  (available              . 0)
                  (waiters                . 0)
                  (checkout-failure-count . ,checkout-failure-count))))

           (spawn-fiber
            (lambda ()
              (let ((op
                     (put-operation reply stats)))
                (perform-operation
                 (if timeout-time
                     (choice-operation
                      op
                      (sleep-operation
                       (/ (- timeout-time
                             (get-internal-real-time))
                          internal-time-units-per-second)))
                     op))))))

         (loop))

        (('destroy)
         (loop))
        (unknown
         (simple-format
          (current-error-port)
          "unrecognised message to ~A resource pool channel: ~A\n"
          name
          unknown)
         (loop)))))

  (define (main-loop)
    (let loop ((available (iota (vector-length resources)))
               (waiters (make-q)))

      (match (get-message channel)
        (('checkout reply timeout-time max-waiters)
         (if (null? available)
             (let ((waiters-count
                    (q-length waiters)))
               (if (and max-waiters
                        (>= waiters-count
                            max-waiters))
                   (begin
                     (spawn-fiber
                      (lambda ()
                        (let ((op
                               (put-operation
                                reply
                                (cons 'too-many-waiters
                                      waiters-count))))
                          (perform-operation
                           (if timeout-time
                               (choice-operation
                                op
                                (wrap-operation
                                 (sleep-operation
                                  (/ (- timeout-time
                                        (get-internal-real-time))
                                     internal-time-units-per-second))
                                 (const #f)))
                               op)))))
                     (loop available
                           waiters))
                   (loop available
                         (enq! waiters (cons reply timeout-time)))))

             (if timeout-time
                 (let ((current-internal-time
                        (get-internal-real-time)))
                   ;; If this client is still waiting
                   (if (> timeout-time
                          current-internal-time)
                       (let ((reply-timeout
                              (/ (- timeout-time
                                    current-internal-time)
                                 internal-time-units-per-second))
                             (resource-id
                              new-available
                              (car+cdr available)))

                         ;; Don't sleep in this fiber, so spawn a new
                         ;; fiber to handle handing over the resource,
                         ;; and returning it if there's a timeout
                         (spawn-fiber-for-checkout
                          channel
                          reply
                          reply-timeout
                          resource-id
                          (resource-details-value
                           (vector-ref resources
                                       resource-id)))
                         (loop new-available
                               waiters))
                       (loop available
                             waiters)))
                 (let* ((resource-id
                         next-available
                         (car+cdr available))
                        (resource-details
                         (vector-ref resources
                                     resource-id)))
                   (put-message reply
                                (list 'success
                                      resource-id
                                      (resource-details-value
                                       resource-details)))

                   (loop next-available
                         waiters)))))

        (((and (or 'return
                   'return-failed-checkout)
               return-type)
          resource-id)

         (when (eq? 'return-failed-checkout
                    return-type)
           (set! checkout-failure-count
                 (+ 1 checkout-failure-count)))

         (let ((current-internal-time
                (get-internal-real-time)))
           (let waiter-loop ((waiter (safe-deq waiters)))
             (match waiter
               (#f
                (loop (cons resource-id available)
                      waiters))
               ((reply . timeout)
                (if (and timeout
                         (< timeout current-internal-time))
                    (waiter-loop (safe-deq waiters))
                    (if timeout
                        (let ((reply-timeout
                               (/ (- timeout
                                     current-internal-time)
                                  internal-time-units-per-second)))
                          ;; Don't sleep in this fiber, so spawn a
                          ;; new fiber to handle handing over the
                          ;; resource, and returning it if there's
                          ;; a timeout
                          (spawn-fiber-for-checkout
                           channel
                           reply
                           reply-timeout
                           resource-id
                           (resource-details-value
                            (vector-ref resources
                                        resource-id))))
                        (put-message reply
                                     (list 'success
                                           resource-id
                                           (resource-details-value
                                            (vector-ref resources
                                                        resource-id))))))
                (loop available
                      waiters))))))

        (('list-resources reply)
         (spawn-fiber
          (lambda ()
            (put-message reply (list-copy resources))))

         (loop available
               waiters))

        (('stats reply timeout-time)
         (let ((stats
                `((resources              . ,(vector-length resources))
                  (available              . ,(length available))
                  (waiters                . ,(q-length waiters))
                  (checkout-failure-count . ,checkout-failure-count))))

           (spawn-fiber
            (lambda ()
              (let ((op
                     (put-operation reply stats)))
                (perform-operation
                 (if timeout-time
                     (choice-operation
                      op
                      (sleep-operation
                       (/ (- timeout-time
                             (get-internal-real-time))
                          internal-time-units-per-second)))
                     op))))))

         (loop available
               waiters))

        (('destroy)
         (let ((current-internal-time (get-internal-real-time)))
           ;; Notify all waiters that the pool has been destroyed
           (for-each
            (match-lambda
              ((reply . timeout)
               (when (or (not timeout)
                         (> timeout current-internal-time))
                 (spawn-fiber
                  (lambda ()
                    (let ((op
                           (put-operation
                            reply
                            (cons 'resource-pool-destroyed
                                  #f))))
                      (perform-operation
                       (if timeout
                           (choice-operation
                            op
                            (wrap-operation
                             (sleep-operation
                              (/ (- timeout
                                    (get-internal-real-time))
                                 internal-time-units-per-second))
                             (const #f)))
                           op))))))))
            (car waiters))

           (if (= (vector-length resources)
                  (length available))
               (begin
                 (set-resource-pool-channel! pool #f)
                 (signal-condition! destroy-condition)

                 ;; No loop
                 *unspecified*)
               (destroy-loop))))

        (unknown
         (simple-format
          (current-error-port)
          "unrecognised message to ~A resource pool channel: ~A\n"
          name
          unknown)
         (loop available
               waiters)))))

  (spawn-fiber
   (lambda ()
     (with-exception-handler
         (lambda (exn)
           #f)
       (lambda ()
         (with-exception-handler
             (lambda (exn)
               (let* ((stack (make-stack #t))
                      (error-string
                       (call-with-output-string
                         (lambda (port)
                           (display-backtrace stack port 3)
                           (simple-format
                            port
                            "exception in the ~A pool fiber, " name)
                           (print-exception
                            port
                            (stack-ref stack 3)
                            '%exception
                            (list exn))))))
                 (display error-string
                          (current-error-port)))
               (raise-exception exn))
           (lambda ()
             (start-stack
              #t
              (main-loop)))))
       #:unwind? #t))
   (or scheduler
       (current-scheduler)))

  pool)

(define* (make-resource-pool return-new-resource max-size
                             #:key (min-size 0)
                             (idle-seconds #f)
                             (delay-logger (const #f))
                             (duration-logger (const #f))
                             destructor
                             lifetime
                             scheduler
                             (name "unnamed")
                             (add-resources-parallelism 1)
                             default-checkout-timeout
                             default-max-waiters)
  (define channel (make-channel))
  (define destroy-condition
    (make-condition))

  (define pool
    (make-resource-pool-record
     name
     channel
     destroy-condition
     `((max-size . ,max-size)
       (min-size . ,min-size)
       (idle-seconds . ,idle-seconds)
       (delay-logger . ,delay-logger)
       (duration-logger . ,duration-logger)
       (destructor . ,destructor)
       (lifetime . ,lifetime)
       (scheduler . ,scheduler)
       (name . ,name)
       (default-checkout-timeout . ,default-checkout-timeout)
       (default-max-waiters . ,default-max-waiters))))

  (define checkout-failure-count 0)

  (define resources
    (make-hash-table))

  (define-inlinable (count-resources resources)
    (hash-count (const #t) resources))

  (define return-new-resource/parallelism-limiter
    (make-parallelism-limiter
     (or add-resources-parallelism
         max-size)
     #:name
     (string-append
      name
      " resource pool new resource parallelism limiter")))

  (define (spawn-fiber-to-return-new-resource)
    (spawn-fiber
     (lambda ()
       (with-exception-handler
           (lambda (exn)
             ;; This can happen if the resource pool is destroyed very
             ;; quickly
             (if (resource-pool-destroyed-error? exn)
                 #f
                 (raise-exception exn)))
         (lambda ()
           (with-parallelism-limiter
            return-new-resource/parallelism-limiter
            (let ((max-size
                   (assq-ref (resource-pool-configuration pool)
                             'max-size))
                  (size (count-resources resources)))
              (unless (>= size max-size)
                (with-exception-handler
                    (lambda _ #f)
                  (lambda ()
                    (with-exception-handler
                        (lambda (exn)
                          (simple-format
                           (current-error-port)
                           "exception adding resource to pool ~A: ~A\n\n"
                           name
                           return-new-resource)
                          (print-backtrace-and-exception/knots exn)
                          (raise-exception exn))
                      (lambda ()
                        (let ((new-resource
                               (start-stack #t (return-new-resource))))
                          (put-message channel
                                       (list 'add-resource new-resource))))))
                  #:unwind? #t)))))
         #:unwind? #t))))

  (define (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource resource-id resource-value)
    (spawn-fiber
     (lambda ()
       (let loop ()
         (let* ((success?
                 (with-exception-handler
                     (lambda _ #f)
                   (lambda ()
                     (with-exception-handler
                         (lambda (exn)
                           (simple-format
                            (current-error-port)
                            "exception running resource pool destructor (~A): ~A\n"
                            name
                            destructor)
                           (print-backtrace-and-exception/knots exn)
                           (raise-exception exn))
                       (lambda ()
                         (start-stack #t (destructor resource-value))
                         #t)))
                   #:unwind? #t)))

           (if success?
               (put-message channel
                            (list 'remove resource-id))
               (begin
                 (sleep 5)

                 (loop))))))))

  (define (destroy-loop resources next-resource-id)
    (let loop ((next-resource-id next-resource-id))
      (match (get-message channel)
        (('add-resource resource)
         (if destructor
             (begin
               (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource next-resource-id
                                                resource)
               (hash-set! resources next-resource-id resource)

               (loop (1+ next-resource-id)))
             (loop next-resource-id)))

        (('checkout reply timeout-time max-waiters)
         (spawn-fiber
          (lambda ()
            (let ((op
                   (put-operation
                    reply
                    (cons 'resource-pool-destroyed
                          #f))))
              (perform-operation
               (if timeout-time
                   (choice-operation
                    op
                    (wrap-operation
                     (sleep-operation
                      (/ (- timeout-time
                            (get-internal-real-time))
                         internal-time-units-per-second))
                     (const #f)))
                   op)))))
         (loop next-resource-id))
        (((and (or 'return
                   'return-failed-checkout
                   'remove)
               return-type)
          resource-id)
         (when (and (not (eq? return-type 'remove))
                    destructor)
           (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource
            resource-id
            (resource-details-value
             (hash-ref resources resource-id))))

         (hash-remove! resources resource-id)

         (if (= 0 (count-resources resources))
             (begin
               (set-resource-pool-channel! pool #f)
               (signal-condition! destroy-condition)

               ;; No loop
               *unspecified*)
             (loop next-resource-id)))
        (('stats reply timeout-time)
         (let ((stats
                `((resources              . ,(count-resources resources))
                  (available              . 0)
                  (waiters                . 0)
                  (checkout-failure-count . ,checkout-failure-count))))

           (spawn-fiber
            (lambda ()
              (let ((op
                     (put-operation reply stats)))
                (perform-operation
                 (if timeout-time
                     (choice-operation
                      op
                      (sleep-operation
                       (/ (- timeout-time
                             (get-internal-real-time))
                          internal-time-units-per-second)))
                     op))))))

         (loop next-resource-id))

        (('check-for-idle-resources)
         (loop next-resource-id))

        (('destroy)
         (loop next-resource-id))
        (unknown
         (simple-format
          (current-error-port)
          "unrecognised message to ~A resource pool channel: ~A\n"
          name
          unknown)
         (loop next-resource-id)))))

  (define (main-loop)
    (let loop ((next-resource-id 0)
               (available '())
               (waiters (make-q)))

      (match (get-message channel)
        (('add-resource resource)
         (if (= (count-resources resources) max-size)
             (if destructor
                 (begin
                   (hash-set! resources
                              next-resource-id
                              (make-resource-details
                               resource
                               0
                               (get-internal-real-time)))
                   (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource next-resource-id
                                                    resource)

                   (loop (1+ next-resource-id)
                         available
                         waiters))
                 (loop next-resource-id
                       available
                       waiters))

             (let* ((current-internal-time
                     (get-internal-real-time))
                    (resource-details
                     (make-resource-details
                      resource
                      0
                      current-internal-time)))
               (hash-set! resources
                          next-resource-id
                          resource-details)
               (let waiter-loop ((waiter (safe-deq waiters)))
                 (match waiter
                   (#f
                    (loop (1+ next-resource-id)
                          (cons next-resource-id available)
                          waiters))
                   ((reply . timeout)
                    (if (and timeout
                             (< timeout current-internal-time))
                        (waiter-loop (safe-deq waiters))
                        (if timeout
                            (let ((reply-timeout
                                   (/ (- timeout
                                         current-internal-time)
                                      internal-time-units-per-second)))
                              ;; Don't sleep in this fiber, so spawn a
                              ;; new fiber to handle handing over the
                              ;; resource, and returning it if there's
                              ;; a timeout
                              (spawn-fiber-for-checkout channel
                                                        reply
                                                        reply-timeout
                                                        next-resource-id
                                                        resource))
                            (put-message reply (list 'success
                                                     next-resource-id
                                                     resource))))
                    (set-resource-details-checkout-count! resource-details
                                                          1)
                    (loop (1+ next-resource-id)
                          available
                          waiters)))))))

        (('checkout reply timeout-time max-waiters)
         (if (null? available)
             (begin
               (unless (= (count-resources resources) max-size)
                 (spawn-fiber-to-return-new-resource))

               (let ((waiters-count
                      (q-length waiters)))
                 (if (and max-waiters
                          (>= waiters-count
                              max-waiters))
                     (begin
                       (spawn-fiber
                        (lambda ()
                          (let ((op
                                 (put-operation
                                  reply
                                  (cons 'too-many-waiters
                                        waiters-count))))
                            (perform-operation
                             (if timeout-time
                                 (choice-operation
                                  op
                                  (wrap-operation
                                   (sleep-operation
                                    (/ (- timeout-time
                                          (get-internal-real-time))
                                       internal-time-units-per-second))
                                   (const #f)))
                                 op)))))
                       (loop next-resource-id
                             available
                             waiters))
                     (loop next-resource-id
                           available
                           (enq! waiters (cons reply timeout-time))))))

             (if timeout-time
                 (let ((current-internal-time
                        (get-internal-real-time)))
                   ;; If this client is still waiting
                   (if (> timeout-time
                          current-internal-time)
                       (let* ((reply-timeout
                               (/ (- timeout-time
                                     current-internal-time)
                                  internal-time-units-per-second))
                              (resource-id
                               (car available))
                              (resource-details
                               (hash-ref resources resource-id)))

                         (increment-resource-checkout-count!
                          resource-details)

                         ;; Don't sleep in this fiber, so spawn a new
                         ;; fiber to handle handing over the resource,
                         ;; and returning it if there's a timeout
                         (spawn-fiber-for-checkout channel
                                                   reply
                                                   reply-timeout
                                                   resource-id
                                                   (resource-details-value
                                                    resource-details))
                         (loop next-resource-id
                               (cdr available)
                               waiters))
                       (loop next-resource-id
                             available
                             waiters)))
                 (let* ((resource-id
                         next-available
                         (car+cdr available))
                        (resource-details
                         (hash-ref resources
                                   resource-id)))
                   (increment-resource-checkout-count! resource-details)

                   (put-message reply
                                (list 'success
                                      resource-id
                                      (resource-details-value
                                       resource-details)))

                   (loop next-resource-id
                         next-available
                         waiters)))))

        (((and (or 'return
                   'return-failed-checkout)
               return-type)
          resource-id)

         (when (eq? 'return-failed-checkout
                    return-type)
           (set! checkout-failure-count
                 (+ 1 checkout-failure-count)))

         (let ((current-internal-time
                (get-internal-real-time))
               (resource-details
                (hash-ref resources resource-id)))
           (if (and lifetime
                    (>= (resource-details-checkout-count resource-details)
                        lifetime))
               (begin
                 (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource resource-id
                                                  (resource-details-value
                                                   resource-details))
                 (loop next-resource-id
                       available
                       waiters))
               (let waiter-loop ((waiter (safe-deq waiters)))
                 (match waiter
                   (#f
                    (if (eq? 'return-failed-checkout
                             return-type)
                        (decrement-resource-checkout-count! resource-details)
                        (set-resource-details-last-used!
                         resource-details
                         current-internal-time))

                    (loop next-resource-id
                          (cons resource-id available)
                          waiters))
                   ((reply . timeout)
                    (if (and timeout
                             (< timeout current-internal-time))
                        (waiter-loop (safe-deq waiters))
                        (if timeout
                            (let ((reply-timeout
                                   (/ (- timeout
                                         current-internal-time)
                                      internal-time-units-per-second)))
                              ;; Don't sleep in this fiber, so spawn a
                              ;; new fiber to handle handing over the
                              ;; resource, and returning it if there's
                              ;; a timeout
                              (spawn-fiber-for-checkout
                               channel
                               reply
                               reply-timeout
                               resource-id
                               (resource-details-value resource-details)))
                            (put-message reply
                                         (list 'success
                                               resource-id
                                               (resource-details-value
                                                resource-details)))))

                    (set-resource-details-last-used! resource-details
                                                     current-internal-time)
                    (when (eq? 'return-failed-checkout
                               return-type)
                      (decrement-resource-checkout-count! resource-details))

                    (loop next-resource-id
                          available
                          waiters)))))))

        (('remove resource-id)
         (hash-remove! resources
                       resource-id)

         (when (and (not (q-empty? waiters))
                    (< (- (count-resources resources) 1)
                       max-size))
           (spawn-fiber-to-return-new-resource))

         (loop next-resource-id
               available   ; resource shouldn't be in this list
               waiters))

        (('destroy resource-id)
         (let ((resource-details
                (hash-ref resources
                          resource-id)))
           (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource resource-id
                                            (resource-details-value
                                             resource-details))

           (loop next-resource-id
                 available
                 waiters)))

        (('list-resources reply)
         (spawn-fiber
          (lambda ()
            (put-message reply (list-copy resources))))

         (loop next-resource-id
               available
               waiters))

        (('stats reply timeout-time)
         (let ((stats
                `((resources              . ,(count-resources resources))
                  (available              . ,(length available))
                  (waiters                . ,(q-length waiters))
                  (resources-checkout-count
                   . ,(hash-fold
                       (lambda (_ resource-details result)
                         (cons (resource-details-checkout-count
                                resource-details)
                               result))
                       '()
                       resources))
                  (checkout-failure-count . ,checkout-failure-count))))

           (spawn-fiber
            (lambda ()
              (let ((op
                     (put-operation reply stats)))
                (perform-operation
                 (if timeout-time
                     (choice-operation
                      op
                      (sleep-operation
                       (/ (- timeout-time
                             (get-internal-real-time))
                          internal-time-units-per-second)))
                     op))))))

         (loop next-resource-id
               available
               waiters))

        (('check-for-idle-resources)
         (let* ((internal-real-time
                 (get-internal-real-time))
                (candidate-resource-ids-to-destroy
                 (filter-map
                  (lambda (resource-id)
                    (let ((resource-details
                           (hash-ref resources resource-id)))
                      (if (> (/ (- internal-real-time
                                   (resource-details-last-used
                                    resource-details))
                                internal-time-units-per-second)
                             idle-seconds)
                          resource-id
                          #f)))
                  available))
                (max-resources-to-destroy
                 (max 0
                      (- (count-resources resources)
                         min-size)))
                (resources-to-destroy
                 (take candidate-resource-ids-to-destroy
                       (min max-resources-to-destroy
                            (length candidate-resource-ids-to-destroy)))))
           (when destructor
             (for-each
              (lambda (resource-id)
                (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource
                 resource-id
                 (resource-details-value
                  (hash-ref resources resource-id))))
              resources-to-destroy))

           (loop next-resource-id
                 (lset-difference = available resources-to-destroy)
                 waiters)))

        (('destroy)
         (let ((current-internal-time (get-internal-real-time)))
           (for-each
            (match-lambda
              ((reply . timeout)
               (when (or (not timeout)
                         (> timeout current-internal-time))
                 (spawn-fiber
                  (lambda ()
                    (let ((op
                           (put-operation
                            reply
                            (cons 'resource-pool-destroyed
                                  #f))))
                      (perform-operation
                       (if timeout
                           (choice-operation
                            op
                            (wrap-operation
                             (sleep-operation
                              (/ (- timeout
                                    (get-internal-real-time))
                                 internal-time-units-per-second))
                             (const #f)))
                           op))))))))
            (car waiters))

           (when destructor
             (for-each
              (lambda (resource-id)
                (spawn-fiber-to-destroy-resource
                 resource-id
                 (resource-details-value
                  (hash-ref resources
                            resource-id))))
              available))

           ;; Do this in parallel to avoid deadlocks between the
           ;; limiter and returning new resources to this pool
           (and=> return-new-resource/parallelism-limiter
                  (lambda (limiter)
                    (spawn-fiber
                     (lambda ()
                       (destroy-parallelism-limiter limiter)))))

           (if (or (= 0 (count-resources resources))
                   (not destructor))
               (begin
                 (set-resource-pool-channel! pool #f)
                 (signal-condition! destroy-condition)

                 ;; No loop
                 *unspecified*)
               (destroy-loop resources next-resource-id))))

        (unknown
         (simple-format
          (current-error-port)
          "unrecognised message to ~A resource pool channel: ~A\n"
          name
          unknown)
         (loop next-resource-id
               available
               waiters)))))

  (spawn-fiber
   (lambda ()
     (when idle-seconds
       (spawn-fiber
        (lambda ()
          (let loop ()
            (put-message channel '(check-for-idle-resources))
            (when (choice-operation
                   (wrap-operation
                    (sleep-operation idle-seconds)
                    (const #t))
                   (wrap-operation
                    (wait-operation destroy-condition)
                    (const #f)))
              (loop))))))

     (with-exception-handler
         (lambda (exn)
           #f)
       (lambda ()
         (with-exception-handler
             (lambda (exn)
               (let* ((stack (make-stack #t))
                      (error-string
                       (call-with-output-string
                         (lambda (port)
                           (display-backtrace stack port 3)
                           (simple-format
                            port
                            "exception in the ~A pool fiber, " name)
                           (print-exception
                            port
                            (stack-ref stack 3)
                            '%exception
                            (list exn))))))
                 (display error-string
                          (current-error-port)))
               (raise-exception exn))
           (lambda ()
             (start-stack
              #t
              (main-loop)))))
       #:unwind? #t))
   (or scheduler
       (current-scheduler)))

  pool)

(define (destroy-resource-pool pool)
  (perform-operation
   (choice-operation
    (wrap-operation
     (put-operation (resource-pool-channel pool)
                    (list 'destroy))
     (lambda _
       (wait
        (resource-pool-destroy-condition pool))))
    (wait-operation
     (resource-pool-destroy-condition pool))))
  #t)

(define &resource-pool-timeout
  (make-exception-type '&recource-pool-timeout
                       &error
                       '(pool)))

(define resource-pool-timeout-error-pool
  (exception-accessor
   &resource-pool-timeout
   (record-accessor &resource-pool-timeout 'pool)))

(define make-resource-pool-timeout-error
  (record-constructor &resource-pool-timeout))

(define resource-pool-timeout-error?
  (exception-predicate &resource-pool-timeout))

(define &resource-pool-too-many-waiters
  (make-exception-type '&recource-pool-too-many-waiters
                       &error
                       '(pool waiters-count)))

(define resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error-pool
  (exception-accessor
   &resource-pool-too-many-waiters
   (record-accessor &resource-pool-too-many-waiters 'pool)))

(define resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error-waiters-count
  (exception-accessor
   &resource-pool-too-many-waiters
   (record-accessor &resource-pool-too-many-waiters 'waiters-count)))

(define make-resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error
  (record-constructor &resource-pool-too-many-waiters))

(define resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error?
  (exception-predicate &resource-pool-too-many-waiters))

(define &resource-pool-destroyed
  (make-exception-type '&recource-pool-destroyed
                       &error
                       '(pool)))

(define resource-pool-destroyed-error-pool
  (exception-accessor
   &resource-pool-destroyed
   (record-accessor &resource-pool-destroyed 'pool)))

(define make-resource-pool-destroyed-error
  (record-constructor &resource-pool-destroyed))

(define resource-pool-destroyed-error?
  (exception-predicate &resource-pool-destroyed))

(define &resource-pool-destroy-resource
  (make-exception-type '&recource-pool-destroy-resource
                       &exception
                       '()))

(define make-resource-pool-destroy-resource-exception
  (record-constructor &resource-pool-destroy-resource))

(define resource-pool-destroy-resource-exception?
  (exception-predicate &resource-pool-destroy-resource))

(define resource-pool-default-timeout-handler
  (make-parameter #f))

(define* (call-with-resource-from-pool
          pool proc #:key (timeout 'default)
          (timeout-handler (resource-pool-default-timeout-handler))
          (max-waiters 'default)
          (channel (resource-pool-channel pool))
          (destroy-resource-on-exception? #f))
  "Call PROC with a resource from POOL, blocking until a resource becomes
available.  Return the resource once PROC has returned."

  (define timeout-or-default
    (if (eq? timeout 'default)
        (assq-ref (resource-pool-configuration pool)
                  'default-checkout-timeout)
        timeout))

  (define max-waiters-or-default
    (if (eq? max-waiters 'default)
        (assq-ref (resource-pool-configuration pool)
                  'default-max-waiters)
        max-waiters))

  (unless channel
    (raise-exception
     (make-resource-pool-destroyed-error pool)))

  (let ((reply
         (if timeout-or-default
             (let loop ((reply (make-channel))
                        (start-time (get-internal-real-time)))
               (let ((request-success?
                      (perform-operation
                       (choice-operation
                        (wrap-operation
                         (put-operation channel
                                        (list 'checkout
                                              reply
                                              (+ start-time
                                                 (* timeout-or-default
                                                    internal-time-units-per-second))
                                              max-waiters-or-default))
                         (const #t))
                        (wrap-operation (sleep-operation timeout-or-default)
                                        (const #f))))))
                 (if request-success?
                     (let ((time-remaining
                            (- timeout-or-default
                               (/ (- (get-internal-real-time)
                                     start-time)
                                  internal-time-units-per-second))))
                       (if (> time-remaining 0)
                           (let ((response
                                  (perform-operation
                                   (choice-operation
                                    (get-operation reply)
                                    (wrap-operation (sleep-operation time-remaining)
                                                    (const #f))))))
                             (if (or (not response)
                                     (eq? response 'resource-pool-retry-checkout))
                                 (if (> (- timeout-or-default
                                           (/ (- (get-internal-real-time)
                                                 start-time)
                                              internal-time-units-per-second))
                                        0)
                                     (loop (make-channel)
                                           start-time)
                                     'timeout)
                                 response))
                           'timeout))
                     'timeout)))
             (let ((reply (make-channel)))
               (put-message channel
                            (list 'checkout
                                  reply
                                  #f
                                  max-waiters-or-default))
               (get-message reply)))))

    (match reply
      ('timeout
       (when timeout-handler
         (timeout-handler pool proc timeout))

       (raise-exception
        (make-resource-pool-timeout-error pool)))
      (('too-many-waiters . count)

       (raise-exception
        (make-resource-pool-too-many-waiters-error pool
                                                   count)))
      (('resource-pool-destroyed . #f)
       (raise-exception
        (make-resource-pool-destroyed-error pool)))
      (('success resource-id resource-value)
       (call-with-values
           (lambda ()
             (with-exception-handler
                 (lambda (exn)
                   ;; Unwind the stack before calling put-message, as
                   ;; this avoids inconsistent behaviour with
                   ;; continuation barriers
                   (put-message
                    channel
                    (list (if (or destroy-resource-on-exception?
                                  (resource-pool-destroy-resource-exception? exn))
                              'destroy
                              'return)
                          resource-id))
                   (raise-exception exn))
               (lambda ()
                 (with-exception-handler
                     (lambda (exn)
                          (let ((stack
                                 (match (fluid-ref %stacks)
                                   ((stack-tag . prompt-tag)
                                    (make-stack #t
                                                0 prompt-tag
                                                0 (and prompt-tag 1)))
                                   (_
                                    (make-stack #t)))))
                            (raise-exception
                             (make-exception
                              exn
                              (make-knots-exception stack)))))
                   (lambda ()
                     (proc resource-value))))
               #:unwind? #t))
         (lambda vals
           (put-message channel
                        `(return ,resource-id))
           (apply values vals)))))))

(define-syntax-rule (with-resource-from-pool pool resource exp ...)
  (call-with-resource-from-pool
      pool
    (lambda (resource) exp ...)))

(define* (resource-pool-stats pool #:key (timeout 5))
  (define channel
    (resource-pool-channel pool))

  (unless channel
    (raise-exception
     (make-resource-pool-destroyed-error pool)))

  (if timeout
      (let* ((reply (make-channel))
             (start-time (get-internal-real-time))
             (timeout-time
              (+ start-time
                 (* internal-time-units-per-second timeout))))
        (perform-operation
         (choice-operation
          (wrap-operation
           (put-operation channel
                          `(stats ,reply ,timeout-time))
           (const #t))
          (wrap-operation (sleep-operation timeout)
                          (lambda _
                            (raise-exception
                             (make-resource-pool-timeout-error pool))))))

        (let ((time-remaining
               (- timeout
                  (/ (- (get-internal-real-time)
                        start-time)
                     internal-time-units-per-second))))
          (if (> time-remaining 0)
              (perform-operation
               (choice-operation
                (get-operation reply)
                (wrap-operation (sleep-operation time-remaining)
                                (lambda _
                                  (raise-exception
                                   (make-resource-pool-timeout-error pool))))))
              (raise-exception
               (make-resource-pool-timeout-error pool)))))
      (let ((reply (make-channel)))
        (put-message channel
                     `(stats ,reply #f))
        (get-message reply))))

(define (resource-pool-list-resources pool)
  (define channel
    (resource-pool-channel pool))

  (unless channel
    (raise-exception
     (make-resource-pool-destroyed-error pool)))

  (let ((reply (make-channel)))
    (put-message (resource-pool-channel pool)
                 (list 'list-resources reply))
    (get-message reply)))